Effectiveness of glargine insulin on recovery of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis

Background: Diabetic Ketoacidosis [DKA] is one of emergency conditions caused by acute hyperglycemia in diabetic patients. The main treatment is injection of rapid-acting Regular insulin. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of Glargine insulin on recovery of patients with DKA

Methods: A randomized clinical trial [RCT] conducted on 40 patients [twenty patients in each group] with DKA. Both groups received standard treatment regimen for DKA. In addition, the experimental group was given 0.4 U/kg of insulin glargine

Results: The mean duration of acidosis correction time and recovery from DKA was 13.77+/-6.10 hours in the case group and 16.91+/-6.49 hours in control group [p=0.123]. The mean dosage of regular insulin until recovery from DKA was 84.8+/-45.6 units in the case group and 116.5+/-91.6 units in control group [p=0.17]. Hypokalemia [p=l] and hypoglycemia [p=l] were not different between two groups. In 35% of samples in case group and 51% in controls, the blood sugar [BS] was more than 180 mg/dl for 24 hours after discontinuation of the insulin infusion [pFO.046]. The mean duration of hospitalization was 5.1+/-1.88 days in case and 5.9+/-2.19 days in control group [p=0.225]

Conclusion: Adding insulin Glargine to the standard treatment regimen of DKA significantly reduced rebound hyperglycemia without incurring episodes of hypoglycemia and hypokalemia

It also reduced the average time of recovery from DKA, regular insulin consumption and hospital length, although these changes were not statistically significant. It seems that the non-significant difference be related to the paucity of sample size and close monitoring of patients

Effects of High Performance Inulin Supplementation on Glycemic Control and Antioxidant Status in Women with Type 2 Diabetes

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of high performance inulin supplementation on blood glycemic control and antioxidant status in women with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: In a randomized, triple-blind controlled trial, 49 females (fiber intake <30 g/day, 25

[Evaluation of effective factors in decreased bone density in patient with osteoporosis and osteopenia]

Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease that characterized by reduced bone strength. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of effective factors in decreased bone density and secondary causes of osteoporosis. This descriptive cross sectional study was done on 105 patients [76 female and 29 male] suffering from osteoporosis, evaluated in the endocrinology Department of Sina hospital, Tabriz- Iran from March 2003 to March 2006. Past medical history clinical symptoms and biochemical results were of patients. Data analyzed using SPSS-14 and chi square test. Osteoporosis and osteopenia were seen in 55% and 45% of patients with reduced bone density, respectively. Daily calcium intake in patients with less than 400 mg, between 400-1000 mg more than 1000 mg were 63.8%, 31,9%, and 3.4%, respectively. The mean +/- SD of sera calcium and vitamin D level were 9.5 +/- 0.6 mg/dl, 45 +/- 37.1 nmol/l respectively. 61.2% of patients had vitamin D deficiency. 33% of patients had secondary osteoporosis. Among the patient with primary osteoporosis 11.3% afflicted to hyper claciuria. This study showed that decreasing bone density was more prominate in women. The rate of daily calcium intake among patients were low. It is suggested these patients osteoporosis could be prevented by consumption food nutrient rich in calcium and vitamin D supplementation

Hyperhomocysteinemia and bone mineral density: a case - control study

To find out whether homocysteine has a direct effect on bone or it is an innocent bystander? The study was designed to investigate probable role of homocysteine on bone mineral density [BMD]. This a case-control study wherein, 30 patients with at Least one densitometry criterion of osteoporosis in femoral neck or Lumbar spine were enrolled as the case group along with another 30 normal subjects with normal BMD, as the control group. The patients of the two groups were matched for their ages and sex. In all eligible patients BMD was measured by DEXA and fasting serum homocysteine level were measured by Enzyme Immunoassay Kit. The mean of serum level of homocysteine were 11.67 +/- 4.38 and 11.97 +/- 3.09 imol/l in control and case groups respectively. The difference between two groups was not significant [P=0.761]. Serum homocysteine level and BMC of various areas in case and control groups had no significant correlation [lumbar spine in control group [r= 0.025, p=0.9], lumbar spine in case group [r=0.071, p=0.716], femoral neck in control group [r=0.276, p=0.147], femoral neck in case group [r=0.001, p=0.998fl. Despite numerous studies about direct effect of homocysteine on increase of osteoporotic fracture risk, our study did not show a correlation between serum Level of homocysteine and BMD. Due to multiplicity of factors affecting bone density, final conclusions need extensive investigations with attention to other confounding factors